SVants – A long-read based method for structural variation detection in bacterial genomes

Motivation
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are genetic material that can transfer between bacterial cells and move to new locations within a single bacterial genome. These elements range from several hundred to tens of thousands of bases, and are often bordered by repeat regions, which makes resolving these elements difficult with short-read sequencing data. The development and availability of long-read sequencing technologies has opened up new opportunities in the study of structural variation but there is a lack of bioinformatics tools designed to take advantage of these longer reads.

Results
We present an assembly-free method for identifying the location of these MGEs when compared to any reference genome (including draft genomes). Using an artificially constructed Escherichia coli genome containing single and tandem-repeats of a Tn9 transposon, we demonstrate the ability of SVants to accurately identify multiple insertion sites as well as count the number of repeats of this MGE. Additionally, we show that SVants accurately identifies the transposon of interest, Tn9, but does not erroneously identify existing IS1 regions present within the chromosome of the E. coli artificial reference.

Availability
SVants is available as open-source software at: https://github.com/EpiBlake/SVants