Dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiome and relation to periodontal disease in association with obesity and overweight

• Obesity is a global public health issue, that can cause various diseases in different organs and systems in the body such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer.
• Obesity is also recognizable as a cause of diseases in the oral cavity.
• The oral cavity hosts one of the most diverse microbial communities within the human body.
• The oral microbiome is nowadays considered as a key determinant of oral and systemic health.
• Microbiota can influence the host’s metabolic functions either directly by affecting energy and nutrient availability or indirectly via modulation of signalling pathways through bacterial by-products as short chain fatty acids.
• Obesity causes gut dysbiosis; nevertheless, little is known on the oral microbiome.
• Thus, it is important to analyze microbiota alteration in the obese and overweight populations to understand the changes in the microbiome, and relation to various diseases, including those affecting the oral cavity.

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