Decoding the epitranscriptome at single-molecule resolution

RNA modifications are frequently observed in disease; however, concrete findings as to their consequences are limited. Typically, steps including DNA conversion and amplification of segmented fragments, would be required prior to short-read analysis; processes which can result in a convoluted or partial picture.

Direct RNA nanopore sequencing has therefore emerged as a promising technology that can overcome these shortcomings. To study the effects of stressors in a variety of RNA types Eva Maria Novoa (Center for Genomic Regulation) used nanopore sequencing to sequence full-length rRNAs, snRNAs and mRNAs, in individual RNA molecules.

Findings included new markers as well as environmental stressors that were previously unknown or resulted in opposite effects to those expected. By demonstrating the biological functions and dynamics of the epitranscriptome these findings highlight the efficiency of nanopore RNA sequencing furthering our understanding as to how and why epitranscriptomic dysregulation is often associated to human disease.