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First genomic characterization of blaVIM-1 and mcr-9-coharbouring Enterobacter hormaechei isolated from food of animal origin


We describe here the complete genome sequence of an Enterobacter hormaechei ST279 coharbouring blaVIM-1 and mcr-9 recovered from uncooked beef patty in June 2017, Egypt. The tested isolate was resistant to carbapenem but susceptible to colistin (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 0.5 μg/mL). The antimicrobial susceptibility profile and conjugation experiments were performed.

The entire genome was sequenced by the Illumina MiniSeq and Oxford Nanopore methods. The blaVIM-1 and mcr-9 genes are carried on the same IncHI2/pMLST1 plasmid, pMS37a (Size of 270.9 kb). The mcr-9 gene was located within the physical boundaries demarcated by two insertion elements IS903 (upstream) and IS1 (downstream) but did not possess the downstream regulatory genes (qseC/qseB) which regulate the expression of mcr-9. Therefore, the mcr-9 might be silently disseminated among carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales.

In addition to blaVIM-1 and mcr-9, plasmid pMS37a harbored various antibiotic resistance genes including aac(6’)-Il, ΔaadA22, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, sul1, dfrA1 and tetA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a blaVIM-1 and mcr-9-coharbouring E. hormaechei isolate of food origin worldwide. The identification of a multidrug-resistant VIM-1 and mcr-9 positive Enterobacter hormaechei isolate from food is worrisome as retail meat and meat products could serve as a vehicle for these MDR bacteria, which could be transferred between animals and humans through the food chain.

It further highlights that Enterobacterales co-producing MCR and carbapenemases being found in the food chain indeed correspond to a One-Health issue, highlighting the need for serious steps to prevent their further dissemination.

Authors: Mustafa Sadek, Hirofumi Nariya, Toshi Shimamoto, Shizuo Kayama, Liansheng Yu, Junzo Hisatsune, Mustafa Sadek, Hirofumi Nariya, Toshi Shimamoto, Shizuo Kayama, Liansheng Yu, Junzo Hisatsune, Motoyuki Sugai, Patrice Nordmann, Laurent Poirel, Tadashi Shimamo

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